Uninstall php-mbstring
To remove just php-mbstring package itself from Debian 9 (Stretch) execute on terminal:
sudo apt-get remove php-mbstring
Uninstall php-mbstring and it's dependent packages
To remove the php-mbstring package and any other dependant package which are no longer needed from Debian Stretch.
sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove php-mbstring
Purging php-mbstring
If you also want to delete configuration and/or data files of php-mbstring from Debian Stretch then this will work:
sudo apt-get purge php-mbstring
To delete configuration and/or data files of php-mbstring and it's dependencies from Debian Stretch then execute:
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove php-mbstring
More information about apt-get remove
Advanced Package Tool, or APT, is a free software user interface that works with core libraries to handle the installation and removal of software on Debian, Ubuntu and other Linux distributions. APT simplifies the process of managing software on Unix-like computer systems by automating the retrieval, configuration and installation of software packages, either from precompiled files or by compiling source code.
apt-get is the command-line tool for handling packages, and may be considered the user's "back-end" to other tools using the APT library.
apt-get remove is identical to install except that packages are removed instead of installed. Note that removing a package leaves its configuration files on the system. If a plus sign is appended to the package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be installed instead of removed.
See Also
How to remove php-mbstring package from Debian 9 (Stretch)